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San Leandro, California

Coordinates: 37°43′30″N 122°09′22″W / 37.72500°N 122.15611°W / 37.72500; -122.15611
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San Leandro, California
City
Clockwise, from top: San Leandro City Hall, Peralta Home, Casa Peralta
Flag of San Leandro, California
Flag
Official seal of San Leandro, California
Seal
Nickname: 
SL[a]
Location within Alameda County
Location within Alameda County
Location of San Leandro
Map
San Leandro is located in San Francisco Bay Area
San Leandro
San Leandro
Location within the San Francisco Bay Area
San Leandro is located in California
San Leandro
San Leandro
Location within California
San Leandro is located in the United States
San Leandro
San Leandro
Location within the United States
Coordinates: 37°43′30″N 122°09′22″W / 37.72500°N 122.15611°W / 37.72500; -122.15611
Country United States
State California
CountyAlameda
RegionSan Francisco Bay Area
IncorporatedMarch 21, 1872[1]
Named forSt. Leander of Seville[2]
Government
 • TypeCouncil–Manager[3]
 • Mayor[9]Juan González III
 • Council members
 by district number[9]
  1. Sbeydeh Viveros-Walton
  2. Bryan Azevedo
  3. Victor Aguilar, Jr.
  4. Fred Simon
  5. Xouhoa Bowen
  6. Dylan Boldt
 • City managerJanelle Cameron[4][5]
 • State Legislators
 (AD-18 & SD-9)		Asm. Mia Bonta (D)[6]
Sen. Tim Grayson (D)[7]
 • U.S. Representative
 (CA-12)		Lateefah Simon (D)[8]
Area
[10]
 • Total
15.52 sq mi (40.19 km2)
 • Land13.32 sq mi (34.51 km2)
 • Water2.19 sq mi (5.68 km2)  14.81%
Elevation
[11]
56 ft (17 m)
Population
 (2020)[12]
 • Total
91,008
 • Rank97th in California
 • Density5,900/sq mi (2,300/km2)
DemonymSan Leandran[13]
Time zoneUTC–8 (Pacific (PST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC–7 (PDT)
ZIP Codes
94577–94579
Area code(s)510, 341
FIPS code06-68084
GNIS feature IDs232427, 1659582, 2411794
Websitewww.sanleandro.org

San Leandro (Spanish for "St. Leander") is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. It is located in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area; between Oakland to the northwest, and Ashland, Castro Valley, and Hayward to the southeast. The population was 91,008 as of the 2020 census.[12]

History

[edit]

Spanish and Mexican eras

[edit]

The Spanish settlers called these natives Costeños, or 'coast people,' and the English-speaking settlers called them Costanoans. San Leandro was first visited by Europeans on March 20, 1772, by Spanish soldier Captain Pedro Fages and the Spanish Catholic priest Father Crespi.

San Leandro is located on the Rancho San Leandro and Rancho San Antonio Mexican land grants. Its name refers to Leander of Seville, a sixth-century Spanish bishop.[2] Both land grants were located along El Camino Viejo, modern 14th Street / State Route 185.

The smaller land grant, Rancho San Leandro, of approximately 9,000 acres (3,600 ha), was given to José Joaquín Estudillo in 1842. The larger, Rancho San Antonio, of approximately 44,000 acres (18,000 ha), was given to another Spanish soldier, Don Luis Maria Peralta, in 1820. Beginning in 1855, two of Estudillo's sons-in-law, John B. Ward and William Heath Davis, laid out the townsite that would become San Leandro, bounded by the San Leandro Creek on the north, Watkins Street on the east, Castro Street on the south, and on the west by the longitude lying a block west of Alvarado Street.[15][16] The city has a historical Portuguese American population dating from the 1880s, when Portuguese laborers from Hawaii or from the Azores began settling in the city and established farms and businesses. By the 1910 census, they had accounted for nearly two-thirds of San Leandro's population.[17]

American era

[edit]

In 1856, San Leandro became the county seat of Alameda County, but the county courthouse was destroyed there by the devastating 1868 quake on the Hayward Fault. The county seat was then re-established in the town of Brooklyn (now part of Oakland) in 1872.

During the American Civil War, San Leandro and its neighbor, Brooklyn, fielded a California militia company, the Brooklyn Guard.

San Leandro was one of a number of suburban cities built in the post–World War II era of California to have restrictive covenants, which barred property owners in the city from selling properties to African Americans and other minorities. As a result of the covenant, In 1960, the city was almost entirely white (99.3%), while its neighbor city of Oakland had a large African American population.[18] The United States Supreme Court, in Shelley v. Kraemer, later declared such covenants unenforceable by the state. San Leandro was an 86.4% white-non-Hispanic community according in the 1970 census.[18] The city's demographics began to diversify in the 1980s.[19] By 2010, Asian Americans had become a plurality population in San Leandro, with approximately one-third of the population, with non-Hispanic Whites accounting for 27.1% of the population.[20]

Geography

[edit]

The San Leandro Hills run above the city to the northeast. In the lower elevations of the city, an upper regionally contained aquifer is located 50 to 100 feet (15 to 30 m) below the surface. At least one deeper aquifer exists approximately 250 feet (75 m) below the surface. Some salt water intrusion has taken place in the San Leandro Cone. Shallow groundwater generally flows to the west, from the foothills toward San Francisco Bay. Shallow groundwater is contaminated in many of the locales of the lower elevation of the city. Contamination by gasoline, volatile organic compounds and some heavy metals has been recorded in a number of these lower-elevation areas.[21][22]

The trace of the Hayward Fault passes under Foothill Boulevard in San Leandro. Follow the link in the reference to see a series of photos of the fault cutting the asphalt between 1979 and 1987.[23]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870426—
18801,369221.4%
19002,253—
19103,47154.1%
19205,70364.3%
193011,455100.9%
194014,60127.5%
195027,54288.6%
196065,962139.5%
197068,6984.1%
198063,952−6.9%
199068,2236.7%
200079,45216.5%
201084,9506.9%
202091,0087.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[24]

2020

[edit]
San Leandro, California – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[25] Pop 2010[26] Pop 2020[27] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 33,646 23,006 17,865 42.35% 27.08% 19.63%
Black or African American alone (NH) 7,622 10,052 9,708 9.59% 11.83% 10.67%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 360 246 224 0.45% 0.29% 0.25%
Asian alone (NH) 18,064 24,924 32,365 22.74% 29.34% 35.56%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 627 596 712 0.79% 0.70% 0.78%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 175 198 440 0.22% 0.23% 0.48%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) 3,019 2,691 3,713 3.80% 3.17% 4.08%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 15,939 23,237 25,981 20.06% 27.35% 28.55%
Total 79,452 84,950 91,008 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Monument to the Portuguese Immigrant in Root Park.
City of San Leandro

2010

[edit]

The 2010 United States Census[28] reported that San Leandro had a population of 84,950. The population density was 5,423.8 inhabitants per square mile (2,094.1/km2). The racial makeup of San Leandro was 31,946 (37.6%) White, 10,437 (12.3%) African American, 669 (0.8%) Native American, 25,206 (29.7%) Asian, 642 (0.8%) Pacific Islander, 11,295 (13.3%) from other races, and 4,755 (5.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23,237 persons (27.4%). Non-Hispanic Whites numbered 20,004 (23.5%).

The Census reported that 84,300 people (99.2% of the population) lived in households, 282 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 368 (0.4%) were institutionalized.

There were 30,717 households, out of which 10,503 (34.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 14,142 (46.0%) were married couples, 4,509 (14.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,863 (6.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,706 (5.6%) unmarried couples, and 326 (1.1%) same-sex couples. 8,228 households (26.8%) were made up of individuals, and 3,128 (10.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74. There were 20,514 families (66.8% of all households); the average family size was 3.36.

The population was spread out, with 18,975 people (22.3%) under the age of 18, 7,044 people (8.3%) aged 18 to 24, 23,469 people (27.6%) aged 25 to 44, 23,779 people (28.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 11,683 people (13.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males.

There were 32,419 housing units at an average density of 2,069.9 per square mile (799.2/km2), of which 30,717 were occupied, of which 17,667 (57.5%) were owner-occupied, and 13,050 (42.5%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.8%. 50,669 people (59.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 33,631 people (39.6%) lived in rental housing units.

2000

[edit]

According to the 2000 census,[29] there were 30,642 households, out of which 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.2% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 32.0% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $51,081, and the median income for a family was $60,266. Males had a median income of $41,157 versus $33,486 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,895. About 4.5% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.3% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

[edit]

San Leandro has long been home to many food-processing operations, and is home to many corporate businesses, such as Ghirardelli, OSIsoft, 21st Amendment Brewery, Begier Buick, and a Coca-Cola plant. Maxwell House operated a coffee roasting plant, where the Yuban brand was produced from 1949 until 2015, when it was closed as part of a cost-cutting plan instituted by parent company Kraft Foods.[30] The city has five major shopping centers: the Bayfair Center, Westgate Center, Greenhouse Shopping Center,[31] Marina Square Center,[32] and Pelton Plaza.[33] Lucky's flagship store opened in San Leandro.

Under San Leandro Mayor Stephen H. Cassidy, the city set the goal in 2012 of "becoming a new center of innovation in the San Francisco Bay Area."[34] San Leandro came "out of the downturn like few places around, attracting tech startups, artists and brewers to a onetime traditional industrial hub."[35]

In January 2011, Cassidy and Dr. J. Patrick Kennedy, a San Leandro resident and the president and founder of OSIsoft, one of the city's largest employers, "began developing the public-private partnership that would become Lit San Leandro,"[36] a high speed, fiber optic broadband network. In October 2011, the city approved the license agreement that allowed the installation of the fiber-optic cables in the existing conduits under San Leandro streets.[37] In 2012, San Leandro was awarded a $2.1 million grant from the U.S. Economic Development Administration to add 7.5 miles to the network.[38] By 2014, the network expansion was completed, bringing the total length of fiber in the city to over 18 miles.[39] The network is capable of transmitting at up to 10 Gbit/s and is currently only available to business users.[40]

The Zero Net Energy Center, which opened in 2013,[41] is a 46,000-square-foot (4,300 m2) electrician training facility created by the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 595 and the Northern California chapter of the National Electrical Contractors Association. Training includes energy-efficient construction methods, while the facility itself operates as a zero-energy building.[42][43]

According to the San Leandro's 2015 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[44] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 San Leandro Unified School District 1,380
2 Kaiser Permanente Medical Group 1,032
3 City of San Leandro 582
4 Ghirardelli Chocolate Company 487
5 San Leandro Hospital 460
6 OSIsoft LLC 364
7 Costco Wholesale 358
8 BCI Coca-Cola Bottling Co. 325
9 Wal-Mart Store 2648 323
10 Paramedics Plus LLC 295

Parks and recreation

[edit]

The San Leandro Marina, which contains group picnic areas and trails, as well as docking facilities, is part of the San Leandro Shoreline Recreation Area.[45] In addition to Marina Park, the City of San Leandro maintains and services 16 other parks throughout the city, all of which are available for use by residents and visitors alike. The Department of Recreation and Human Services for the City of San Leandro also staffs and maintains the Marina Community Center, the San Leandro Senior Community Center and the San Leandro Family Aquatic Center. Adjacent Lake Chabot Regional Park is popular for its scenic hiking trails, camping, and fishing. Although located in Castro Valley,[46] the Fairmont Ridge Staging Area is the location of the Children's Memorial Grove, which consists of an Oak grove and a stone circle, with annual plaques listing the names of all children who have died as a result of violence in Alameda County.[47]

Government

[edit]
City Hall

San Leandro is a charter city with a Mayor-Council-Manager form of government.[48] The City Manager is Janelle Cameron. San Leandro city hall was built in 1939.

Mayor Juan González III was elected in November 2022, and serves on the City Council with six Council members. Council members are elected by all voters in the city using instant-runoff voting. Council members must reside within the district they represent.[9]

Politics

[edit]

In 2017, San Leandro had 45,257 registered voters with 26,421 (58.4%) registered as Democrats, 5,271 (11.6%) registered as Republicans, and 11,723 (25.9%) were decline to state voters.[49]

Education

[edit]

San Leandro is home to two school districts: The San Lorenzo Unified School District includes parts of Washington Manor and the San Leandro Unified School District includes most of San Leandro, plus a small part of Oakland.[50]

A number of students residing in San Leandro attend San Lorenzo Unified School District schools, including Arroyo High School, Washington Manor Middle School and Corvallis Elementary School, due to proximity to the San Leandro/San Lorenzo border.

The rest of San Leandro is served by San Leandro Unified School District.

Infrastructure

[edit]

Transportation

[edit]

San Leandro is served by the Interstate 880, 580 and 238 freeways connecting to other parts of the Bay Area. East 14th Street (SR-185) is a major thoroughfare in downtown and continues towards East Oakland and Hayward. Davis Street is also another major street that intersects East 14th Street in downtown before heading towards the San Francisco Bay. Public transportation is provided by the Bay Area Rapid Transit BART District with the San Leandro and Bayfair stations serving the city. San Leandro LINKS provides free bus shuttle service for the western part of the city to the San Leandro BART station and AC Transit is the local bus provider for the city. A senior-oriented local bus service, Flex Shuttle, also operates within the city, as does East Bay Paratransit, which provides shuttle type transportation to residents with disabilities.

Healthcare

[edit]
Kindred Hospital on Benedict Dr.

The Alameda County Medical Center's psychiatric hospital, the John George Psychiatric Pavilion, is located nearby in San Leandro.[46] Fairmont Hospital, also located close by, is an Acute Rehabilitation, Neuro-Respiratoy and HIV care center.[51] San Leandro Hospital is the city's full service hospital.[52]

Also present within the city are Kindred Hospital – San Francisco Bay Area, a long-term acute care facility, and the sub-acute unit of the nursing home care facility, Providence Group, Inc's All Saint's Subacute. A Kaiser Permanente Medical Center opened in June 2014, providing Emergency Medical Services.[53]

Notable people

[edit]

Sister cities

[edit]

San Leandro is twinned with the following cities:[59]

Friendship city

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ As opposed to "SLZ", which is San Lorenzo.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on November 3, 2014. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
  2. ^ a b Simons 2008, p. 8.
  3. ^ "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report". City of San Leandro. 2019. p. vi. Archived from the original on October 3, 2020.
  4. ^ "City Manager". City of San Leandro. Retrieved January 15, 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ "City Manager Appointed" (Press release). City of San Leandro. May 4, 2021.
  6. ^ "Members Assembly". State of California. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
  7. ^ "Senators". State of California. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
  8. ^ "California's 12th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  9. ^ a b c "Mayor & City Council". City of San Leandro. Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  10. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  11. ^ "San Leandro". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  12. ^ a b "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: San Leandro city, California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  13. ^ "PRESS RELEASE CMO2020-03-16-20". City of San Leandro. March 16, 2020.
  14. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  15. ^ Kyle, Douglas E.; Hoover, Mildred Brooke (2002). Historic Spots in California. Stanford University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-8047-4483-6.
  16. ^ "San Leandro, Cal. - David Rumsey Historical Map Collection".
  17. ^ Rogers, Meg (2008). The Portuguese in San Leandro. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-5833-2.
  18. ^ a b Suburban Wall, documentary, 1971; Invisible Wall, documentary, 1981; "Not a Genuine Black Man: Or How I Claimed My Piece of Ground in the Lily-White Suburbs" Brian Copeland, 2006
  19. ^ Simons, Cynthia Vrilakas (2008). San Leandro. Images of America. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-5937-7.
  20. ^ "San Leandro Bytes: New Census Data Puts San Leandro's 2010 Population at 84,950". Archived from the original on May 6, 2011.
  21. ^ CH2M Hill, California Department of Health Services, Toxic Substances Control Division, Phase I Remedial Investigation Rpt, 1465 Factor Avenue, San Leandro, California (1987).
  22. ^ C. Michael Hogan, Andy Kratter, Mark Weisman and Jill Buxton, Environmental Initial Study, Aladdin Avenue/Fairway Drive Overcrossing of I-880, Earth Metrics, Caltrans and city of San Leandro Rpt 9551, 1990
  23. ^ HAYWARD FAULT CROSSING FOOTHILL BOULEVARD, SAN LEANDRO
  24. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on June 13, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  25. ^ "P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – San Leandro city, California". United States Census Bureau.
  26. ^ "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – San Leandro city, California". United States Census Bureau.
  27. ^ "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – San Leandro city, California". United States Census Bureau.
  28. ^ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA – San Leandro city". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  29. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  30. ^ Moriki, Darin (August 11, 2017). "Business park to replace old Kraft Foods plant in San Leandro". Bay Area News Group.
  31. ^ "Greenhouse Marketplace Shopping Center (in Alameda County, CA)".
  32. ^ "Marina Square". Archived from the original on August 7, 2011. Retrieved August 11, 2011.
  33. ^ "Pelton Plaza". San Leandro Patch. Archived from the original on July 4, 2011. Retrieved August 11, 2011.
  34. ^ "Guest commentary: San Leandro has come a very long way in last three years". East Bay Times. January 14, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
  35. ^ "San Leandro entices tech startups, entrepreneurs". East Bay Times. August 5, 2014. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
  36. ^ "Lit San Leandro". City of San Leandro. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
  37. ^ "San Leandro builds 'fiber optic loop' in bid to become a high-tech hub". East Bay Times. January 16, 2012. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
  38. ^ Abate, Tom (September 28, 2012). "Federal Grant To Extend San Leandro Fiber Loop". San Leandro, CA Patch. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
  39. ^ "About Us". Lit San Leandro. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
  40. ^ "Project Overview". Lit San Leandro. Archived from the original on February 26, 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2017.
  41. ^ "The Zero Net Energy Center". StopWaste. Retrieved February 28, 2022.
  42. ^ "Archived". SFGate. Archived from the original on July 23, 2013. Retrieved June 10, 2023.
  43. ^ "Assemblywoman Mary Hayashi to Present Resolution to Red Top Electric" (press release). October 15, 2012. Archived from the original on October 3, 2020.
  44. ^ "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report". City of San Leandro. 2015.
  45. ^ "City of San Leandro – Marina". Archived from the original on October 2, 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2011.
  46. ^ a b "Alameda County Unicorporated Community Locator". communitylocator.acgov.org. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
  47. ^ "Children's Memorial Project". Alameda County. Archived from the original on February 3, 2012. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  48. ^ San Leandro City Charter, Section 125
  49. ^ "Report of Registration as of February 10, 2017 – Registration by Political Subdivision by County" (PDF). Elections and Voter Information. California Secretary of State. 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 12, 2017.
  50. ^ "Trustee Areas". San Leandro Unified School District. Archived from the original on November 7, 2014.
  51. ^ Fairmont Hospital website Archived May 11, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  52. ^ San Leandro Hospital website
  53. ^ Rauber, Chris (May 30, 2014). "Kaiser set to open high-tech $600 million San Leandro hospital on Tuesday". San Francisco Business Times. American City Business Journals.
  54. ^ Henry K. Lee (December 28, 2005). "Sausage king dies in his cell on Death Row / Cause of death not known for man who murdered 3". SFGate. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  55. ^ Puck Lo (November 12, 2009). "Film on former Panther Richard Aoki debuts". Oakland North. Retrieved May 13, 2011.
  56. ^ Tom Weaver (n.d.). "Lloyd Bridges Biography". IMDb. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  57. ^ Mitch Stephens (November 29, 2002). "San Leandro quarterback wants dream finish / Dennis Dixon's goal is to beat De La Salle before he moves on". SFGate. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  58. ^ "Todd Marinovich". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved May 13, 2011.
  59. ^ "Sister Cities". City of San Leandro.
  60. ^ "LGU Calabanga | Home". Retrieved March 11, 2023.
[edit]
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